Taking charge of your health doesn’t have to be complicated. Routine health exams for men can help catch potential issues early—sometimes even before symptoms appear. But with so many tests out there, it can be tough to know which ones are right for you and when to get them.
Joseph Duffy, MD, Chief Medical Officer and family medicine physician at St. Joseph’s Health, shares a simple guide to the essential health exams every man should consider. “Each of these tests has a purpose,” says Dr. Duffy. “They help protect your health and find potential problems early. This sets you up for a long and healthy life.”
Here’s a breakdown by age group of the exams that can make a big difference in men’s health:
In Your 20s and 30s
For many men, their 20s and 30s are a time of peak health. But building healthy habits now is essential, and certain tests can help make sure you’re on the right track. It’s a good time to find a primary care doctor you trust. Start building a long-term relationship for your future healthcare visits.
Blood Pressure Screening
Frequency: Every 1-2 years if normal; more often if it’s high.
Blood pressure screening is simple but powerful. High blood pressure can increase your risk for heart disease and stroke, and you may not feel any symptoms.
“Many young men don’t realize they have high blood pressure until they’re tested,” Dr. Duffy explains. “Catching it early is key because even small changes, like exercising and cutting back on salt, can help.”
Blood Test Screening: Cholesterol and Blood Sugar
Frequency: Every year starting at age 20, usually with your primary care visit.
Cholesterol levels reveal the amount of fat in your blood, and high cholesterol can lead to heart disease.
“You don’t have to have symptoms for cholesterol to be a concern,” Dr. Duffy says. “Getting it checked can help us work together to lower levels through diet, exercise, or medications if needed.”
A blood sugar test checks for diabetes, a growing health problem in the United States. High blood sugar levels can lead to serious health problems if untreated. “We want to catch high blood sugar before it turns into diabetes,” Dr. Duffy advises. “Simple lifestyle changes can make a big difference in lowering blood sugar.”
In Your 40s and 50s
As you reach your 40s and 50s, regular health check-ups and preventive care become more important. This is because some health risks can rise as you get older. Don’t forget your flu shot, pneumonia, shingles (at age 50), and covid vaccines at your primary care visits.
Colon Cancer Screening
Frequency: Begin at age 45. If results are normal, repeat every 10 years. Test more often if there is a family history of colon cancer.
A colonoscopy checks for early signs of colon cancer and can also detect precancerous polyps. Removing these polyps can prevent cancer from developing.
“Colon cancer is preventable in many cases,” Dr. Duffy explains. “A colonoscopy may sound intimidating, but it’s a powerful tool for preventing cancer.”
Prostate Cancer Screening
Frequency: Talk to your doctor around age 50, or earlier if you have a family history of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers among men.
Screening usually includes a blood test (called a PSA test) and sometimes a physical exam.
“Prostate cancer is often slow-growing,” Dr. Duffy says. “Catching it early means we have more options for effective treatment.”
Skin Cancer Screening
Frequency: Annually, especially if you’re frequently outdoors or have a family history of skin cancer.
Skin cancer is common and treatable if found early. Men often get skin cancer on areas like the face, ears, and neck, so regular skin exams are essential. “Many men don’t know how common skin cancer is,” says Dr. Duffy. “A quick and simple skin check can find problems early.”
Lung Cancer Screening (for Current and Former Smokers)
Frequency: Every year for men aged 50-80 who have smoked heavily within the past 15 years.
Lung cancer screenings use a low-dose CT scan to detect early lung cancer in those at high risk. Early detection can make a big difference in treatment success.
“Lung cancer screening saves lives, especially for those with a history of smoking,” Dr. Duffy explains. “If you smoked in the past, even if you’ve quit, it’s worth talking to your doctor about screening.”
In Your 60s and Beyond
For men in their 60s and older, preventive care is key to maintaining quality of life. Some tests become more frequent, and others may be added as you age.
Bone Density Test
Frequency: Starting at age 65, or earlier if you have a family history of osteoporosis or other risk factors.
Bone density tests check for osteoporosis, which weakens bones and increases the risk of fractures. While often seen as a “women’s issue,” osteoporosis affects men too, especially those over 65.
“Strong bones are a crucial part of staying active and healthy in older age,” Dr. Duffy points out. “A bone density test can tell us how to keep your bones strong.”
Hearing and Vision Tests
Frequency: Every 1-2 years, or sooner if you notice changes.
Regular hearing and vision checks can improve quality of life and help prevent accidents or injuries. They can also detect conditions like glaucoma or macular degeneration early.
“We rely on our vision and hearing every day, yet many of us skip regular checks,” says Dr. Duffy. “These exams are simple but help us stay safe and connected to the world.”
A Note About Mental Health and Wellness
While physical exams are essential, mental health is also a key part of overall well-being. Annual wellness visits often include a mental health check, but you can always talk to your doctor if you feel anxious, depressed, or overwhelmed.
Putting It All Together
Scheduling these exams might sound like a lot, but they don’t all happen at once. Your doctor can help create a plan that fits your schedule, lifestyle, and health needs.
“These exams are about building a foundation of health,” says Dr. Duffy. “With regular checkups and a proactive approach, men can enjoy longer, healthier lives. Even a small investment in prevention now can make a huge difference later.”
Start with a conversation with your doctor, and together, you can create a plan that fits your life and health goals. For more personalized advice, schedule an appointment with one of our knowledgeable providers at St. Joseph’s Health. Remember, when it comes to your health, a little prevention today can lead to a lifetime of benefits.
